Multiple choice questions on Environment, Ecology, and Biodiversity for General Knowledge papers in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC, and State PSC Examinations.<\/p>\n
\u201cDancing Deer\u201d is found in which of the following states of India?<\/strong> The Gautala Autramghat Sanctuary (GAS) is located in which state?<\/strong> The Melkote Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (MTWS) is located in which state?<\/strong> Which among the following plants is used as Green Manure?<\/strong> Othalanga (Cerbera odollam), commonly known as the Suicide tree is found in which state of India?<\/strong> Contamination of drinking water with which of the following causes Blackfoot disease (BFD)?<\/strong> Keoladeo Bird sanctuary is located in which among the following states of India?<\/strong> Which among the following is the correct definition of Oxygen toxicity?<\/strong> How many number of the Biogeographic zones are present in India?<\/strong> Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary, India\u2019s only dolphin sanctuary, is located in which among the following states of India?<\/strong> 11.During the tenure of which of the following prime ministers Lok Sabha never meet?<\/strong> 12.Comparing to other regions, the day night temperature difference will be maximum in which among the following regions?<\/strong> 13.The highest Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) can be expected in __?<\/strong> 14.A rabbit is swallowed by a snake, which in turn by a falcon. What is the position of snake in this food chain?<\/strong> 15.Why is thermal pollution a problem for marine organisms?<\/strong> 16.World\u2019s first mangrove zoo has been proposed to be opened in which state?<\/strong> 17.ECOMARC is a symbol related to which of the following?<\/strong> 18.Which of the following are the Micro-elements needed to increase soil fertility?<\/strong> 19.\u2018Blight\u2019 \u2013 the disease of potato can be cured by which of the following?<\/strong> 20.Fertility of soil can be improved by which of the following methods?<\/strong> 21.In which one of the following nations \u201cCox\u2019s Bazar\u201d is located?<\/strong> 22.Which of the following components are considered as the Biotic components?<\/strong><\/p>\n Water 23.The term \u2018deep ecology\u2019 was coined by which of the following?<\/strong> 24.Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding ecosystem?<\/strong> 25.Which of the following statements are correct regarding dissolved oxygen?<\/strong><\/p>\n Dissolved oxygen escapes the water body through the air-water interface and through the respiration process by organisms. 26.Which of the following statements are correct regarding Wetlands?<\/strong><\/p>\n India has totally 27,403 wetlands. 27.Arrange the following places with respect to the richness in species diversity:<\/strong><\/p>\n Gulf of Kachchh 28.Common batagur or the Northern River Terrapin is found in which of the following places?<\/strong><\/p>\n Bangladesh 29.Which of the following statements are correct about Durrell\u2019s vontsira?<\/strong><\/p>\n It is a Madagascan mammal which belongs to the family Eupleridae of the order Carnivora. 30.Aichi Biodiversity targets are a set of how many targets?<\/strong> 31.What is the status of Western Chimpanzee on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species?<\/strong> 32.Which of the following statements is\/are correct regarding the \u201cRamsar List\u201d?<\/strong><\/p>\n At the time of joining the Convention, each Contracting Party designates at least one site for inclusion in the Ramsar List. 33.International Plant Protection Convention was established in which of the following year?<\/strong> 34.Which of the following is\/are the criteria to be included World Heritage Sites of UNESCO?<\/strong><\/p>\n The site should represent a masterpiece of human creative genius. 35.What is the rank of India in the world in terms of plant diversity?<\/strong> 36.Which of the following salts is the main cause of permanent hardness of water?<\/strong> 37.Bureau of Energy Efficiency was founded in which of the following year?<\/strong> 38.Which of the following countries does not come under the top 4 emitters of Greenhouse gases?<\/strong> 39.The United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) was established in which of the following year?<\/strong> 40.Which of the following statements are correct regarding Environment Impact Assessment?<\/strong><\/p>\n Screening is done based on the type and location of development only. 41.In which of the following industries, Hydrofluorocarbons are used?<\/strong><\/p>\n Refrigerants 42.Which of the following is the correct full form of UNFCCC?<\/strong> 43.Which of the following statements are correct regarding India\u2019s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution to UNFCCC?<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n[A] Gujarat
\n[B] Manipur
\n[C] Tamil Nadu
\n[D] Jammu & Kashmir
\n
\nDancing Deer is the popular name of Sangai Deer, which is found only in Keibul Lamjao National Park (KLNP) in Loktak Lake in Manipur. Loktak is known for Phumdis (floating vegetation) and the deer often needs to balance itself on them, so it appears that they are dancing.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Odisha
\n[B] Kerala
\n[C] Andhra Pradesh
\n[D] Maharashtra
\n
\nThe Gautala Autramghat Sanctuary (GAS) is a protected area of Aurangabad District and Jalgaon District of Maharashtra and covers an area of 26,061.19 hectares. It houses a variety of wildlife including chinkara, nilgai, sloth bears, jungle cat, wanderoo, leopard cat, etc.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Karnataka
\n[B] Chhattisgarh
\n[C] Kerala
\n[D] Odisha
\n
\nThe Melkote Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (MTWS) is located in Mandya district of Karnataka and is spread over 45.82 square kilometres. This sanctuary is primarily to house wolves. Other mammals found in this sanctuary include the jungle cat, leopard, bonnet macaque, langur and pangolin. Around 230 species of birds have been observed here over the years. The Sanctuary has been known for its once abundant Cycas circinalis species, which in the recent time has been over exploited by the flower decorators and local doctors.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Wheat
\n[B] Sunhemp
\n[C] Cotton
\n[D] Rice
\n
\nSunhemp is used as Green Manure. Sunhemp as a green manure is needed be ploughed in 2 months after sowing when the plants begin to flower as it decomposes more rapidly and it will have a positive N balance at this stage.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Kerala
\n[B] Meghalaya
\n[C] Karnataka
\n[D] Sikkim
\n
\nCerbera odollam, commonly known as the Suicide tree, Pong-pong, and Othalanga. It is a species of tree native to India and other parts of southern Asia. It grows wild along the coast in many parts of Kerala. It yields a potent poison, often used for suicide or murder. The kernels of C. Odollam contain cerberin, a potent cardenolide glycoside belonging to the cardiac glycoside family of toxins that includes digoxin. The poison blocks the calcium ion channels in heart muscle, causing disruption of the heart beat. This is most often fatal. Cerberin is difficult to detect in autopsies and its taste can be masked with strong spices. Therefore it is often used in homicide and suicide in India.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Nitrates
\n[B] Arsenic
\n[C] Mercury
\n[D] Cadmium
\n
\nArsenicosis or Black foot is caused by exposure over a period of time to Arsenic in drinking water. It may also be due to intake of arsenic via food or air. Kindly note that Itai-itai disease is caused by Cadmium poisoning.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Haryana
\n[B] Rajasthan
\n[C] Himachal Pradesh
\n[D] Gujarath
\n
\nKeoladeo Ghana National Park formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary in Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India is a famous avifauna sanctuary that plays host to thousands of birds especially during the winter season.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] A condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing oxygen at high pressures
\n[B] A condition resulting from the contamination of oxygen with Carbon Monoxide
\n[C] A condition in which the body as a whole or a tissue is deprived of adequate oxygen supply
\n[D] A condition in which due to water pollution, the aquatic animals in water bodies get died
\n
\nOxygen toxicity is a concern for underwater divers, those on high concentrations of supplemental oxygen. It is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing oxygen at high pressures.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] 4
\n[B] 8
\n[C] 10
\n[D] 15
\n
\n10 Biogeographic zones are Trans Himalayan zone, Himalayan zone, Desert zone, Semiarid zone, Western ghat zone, Deccan plateau zone, Gangetic plain zone, North east zone, Coastal zone and Islands present near the shore line.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] West Bengal
\n[B] Bihar
\n[C] Assam
\n[D] Uttar Pradesh
\n
\nVikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary is located in the state of Bihar (Bhagalpur District). It is a protected area for endangered Gangetic dolphins (national aquatic animal of India). Ganges river dolphins are listed as endangered in 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is also included in the Schedule-I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Morar Ji Desai
\n[B] Chaudhary Charan Singh
\n[C] Inder Kumar Gujral
\n[D] H. D. Deve Gowda<\/p>\n
\nCharan Singh remained Prime Minister from 28 July 1979 to 14 January 1980. During his term, Lok Sabha never met because the day before when Lok Sabha was to meet, Congress withdrew support from his government and he needed to resign. This was followed by fresh elections.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Tundra
\n[B] Mediterranean
\n[C] Tropical Deserts
\n[D] Equatorial<\/p>\n
\nTropical Deserts, such as the Sahara Desert in Africa and the Arabian Desert in the Middle East, experience extreme temperature variations between day and night. These regions have some of the highest day-night temperature differences in the world.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] A running river
\n[B] A running polluted river
\n[C] Treated Municipal waste water
\n[D] Untreated Municipal waste water<\/p>\n
\nBOD is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down organic material. For untreated municipal wastewater, BOD would be maximum.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Producer
\n[B] Primary Consumer
\n[C] Secondary consumer
\n[D] Tertiary Consumer<\/p>\n
\nIn this food chain scenario, the snake occupies the position of a secondary consumer, as it consumes the primary consumer (rabbit) and is, in turn, consumed by the tertiary consumer (falcon).
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Marine Organisms are hot-blooded and thermal pollution may overheat them
\n[B] Marine Organisms live in narrow temperature range and thermal pollution may breakdown their metabolism
\n[C] Thermal pollution destroys the primary producers of the marine ecosystem and other organisms die because of food scarcity
\n[D] All of the above are correct explanations<\/p>\n
\nMarine organisms live in a narrow temperature range, and thermal pollution can disrupt their metabolism, leading to adverse effects on their health and survival.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] West Bengal
\n[B] Andhra Pradesh
\n[C] Gujarat
\n[D] Tamil Nadu<\/p>\n
\nThe world\u2019s first mangrove zoo has been proposed to be opened in Sunderbans, West Bengal, to conserve the endangered flora and fauna of the Sunderbans, the world\u2019s largest mangrove forest.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Goods safe for the environment
\n[B] Best quality
\n[C] Imported goods
\n[D] Exported goods<\/p>\n
\nEcomark or Eco mark is a certification issued by the Bureau of Indian Standards to products with the least impact on the ecosystem.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Nitrogen, hydrogen, and calcium
\n[B] Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
\n[C] Iron, calcium, and potassium
\n[D] Manganese, copper, and zinc<\/p>\n
\nMicro-elements like manganese, copper, and zinc are needed in relatively small amounts to increase soil fertility.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Diathane
\n[B] Bordeaux mixture
\n[C] Dionine T-4
\n[D] Agrimycin and Ceresan<\/p>\n
\nDiseases such as blight in potatoes can be treated with Bordeaux mixture, which acts as a protective fungicide.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Removing dead earthworms
\n[B] Adding dead earthworms
\n[C] Adding living earthworms
\n[D] Removing living earthworms and adding dead earthworms<\/p>\n
\nAdding living earthworms to the soil helps improve fertility by enhancing aeration, water infiltration, and nutrient cycling.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] India
\n[B] Bangladesh
\n[C] Pakistan
\n[D] Afghanistan<\/p>\n
\nCox\u2019s Bazar is located in Bangladesh on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. It is known for having the longest natural unbroken sea beach in the world and also for housing the largest refugee camp in the world.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nSoil
\nSymbionts
\nNon-green plants
\nSelect the correct answer from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1 & 4
\n[B] Only 1, 3 & 4
\n[C] Only 3 & 4
\n[D] Only 1 & 2
\n
\nBiotic components of an ecosystem include living organisms such as symbionts and non-green plants among others.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] F.E. Clements
\n[B] Arne Naess
\n[C] E.P. Odum
\n[D] C. Raunkiaer<\/p>\n
\nThe term \u2018deep ecology\u2019 was coined by the Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess in 1973. It represents an environmental movement and philosophy that views human life as just one component of a global ecosystem.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] It comprises both biotic and abiotic factors.
\n[B] It is a closed system.
\n[C] It has its own productivity.
\n[D] It is a natural resource system.<\/p>\n
\nEcosystems are typically open systems with continuous exchanges of energy and matter with their surroundings.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nThe amount of dissolved oxygen retained in water is not influenced by temperature.
\nMany aquatic organisms are likely to die when the dissolved oxygen level falls below 3-5 ppm.
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1 & 2
\n[B] Only 2 & 3
\n[C] Only 1 & 3
\n[D] 1, 2 & 3
\n
\nDissolved oxygen in water is affected by various factors including temperature and is crucial for the survival of aquatic organisms.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nInland wetlands are 3,959 and coastal wetlands are 23,444.
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1
\n[B] Only 2
\n[C] Both 1 & 2
\n[D] Neither 1 & 2
\n
\nIndia has a significant number of wetlands, with inland and coastal wetlands playing crucial roles in biodiversity conservation.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nLakshadweep Islands
\nAndaman and Nicobar Islands
\nGulf of Mannar
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] 1, 2, 3, 4
\n[B] 2, 3, 1, 4
\n[C] 3, 2, 4, 1
\n[D] 3, 4, 2, 1
\n
\nThe richness of species diversity varies across different marine regions, with Andaman and Nicobar Islands being particularly rich.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nCambodia
\nIndia
\nIndonesia
\nMalaysia
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
\n[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
\n[C] Only 1, 2, 3 & 5
\n[D] 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5
\n
\nThe Common batagur or the Northern River Terrapin is distributed across several Southeast Asian countries.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nIts scientific name is Salanoia durrelli.
\nIt is found only in the Lac Alaotra area in Madagascar.
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1 & 2
\n[B] Only 2 & 3
\n[C] Only 1 & 3
\n[D] 1, 2 & 3
\n
\nDurrell\u2019s vontsira is a unique mammal species found exclusively in the Lac Alaotra area of Madagascar.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] 10
\n[B] 15
\n[C] 20
\n[D] 25<\/p>\n
\nThe Aichi Biodiversity targets, agreed upon during the COP-10 meeting in Nagoya, Japan, consist of 20 targets aimed at biodiversity conservation.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Endangered
\n[B] Critically Endangered
\n[C] Threatened
\n[D] Vulnerable<\/p>\n
\nThe Western Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nThe addition of a site to the Ramsar List confers upon it the prestige of international recognition.
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1
\n[B] Only 2
\n[C] Both 1 & 2
\n[D] Neither 1 & 2
\n
\nAt the time of joining the Ramsar Convention, each Contracting Party designates at least one site for inclusion in the Ramsar List. The addition of a site to the Ramsar List confers upon it the prestige of international recognition.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] 1919
\n[B] 1944
\n[C] 1951
\n[D] 1959<\/p>\n
\nThe International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) was established in the year 1951. It encourages cooperation among contracting parties to prevent the transboundary movement of plant pests.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nThe site bears a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or has disappeared.
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1
\n[B] Only 2
\n[C] Both 1 & 2
\n[D] Neither 1 & 2
\n
\nCriteria for inclusion as World Heritage Sites include representing a masterpiece of human creative genius and bearing a unique or exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or civilization.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] 2nd
\n[B] 4th
\n[C] 7th
\n[D] 10th<\/p>\n
\nIndia ranks tenth in the world and fourth in Asia in terms of plant diversity. The country’s plant diversity is concentrated in regions like the Himalayas, Western Ghats, Northeast India, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] Magnesium sulphate
\n[B] Calcium Sulphate
\n[C] Magnesium carbonate
\n[D] Calcium Carbonate<\/p>\n
\nMagnesium sulfate is a primary cause of permanent hardness in water. It contributes to the presence of dissolved magnesium ions, leading to the formation of scale deposits.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] 2001
\n[B] 2002
\n[C] 2003
\n[D] 2004<\/p>\n
\nThe Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) was founded in the year 2002. It operates under the Ministry of Power, Government of India, and aims to implement the Energy Conservation Act of 2001.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] China
\n[B] U.S.A
\n[C] Australia
\n[D] India<\/p>\n
\nAustralia is not among the top four emitters of greenhouse gases. The top emitters globally are China, the United States, the European Union, and India.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] 1991
\n[B] 1992
\n[C] 1993
\n[D] 1994<\/p>\n
\nThe United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) was established in 1992 to ensure the effective follow-up of the Earth Summit. It operates as a functional commission of the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nThe state of the ecosystem as it exists prior to the project and its potential effects is known as Baseline Data.
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1
\n[B] Only 2
\n[C] Both 1 & 2
\n[D] Neither 1 & 2
\n
\nScreening for Environment Impact Assessment is based on the scale, type, and location of development. The state of the ecosystem before the project, along with its potential effects, is known as Baseline Data.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\nAerosol propellants
\nFire retardants
\nSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
\n[A] Only 1
\n[B] Only 2 & 3
\n[C] Only 1 & 3
\n[D] 1, 2 & 3
\n
\nHydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are used in various industries, including refrigerants, aerosol propellants, and fire retardants. These organic compounds, containing fluorine and hydrogen, pose environmental threats.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n[A] United Nations Framework Corporation on Climate Change
\n[B] United Nations Framework Convention on conservation of Climate
\n[C] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
\n[D] United Nations Facility for conservation of Climate Change<\/p>\n
\nUNFCCC stands for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. It is an international environmental treaty that came into force on March 21, 1994.
\n<\/div><\/div>\n