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Biology MCQs

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Biology MCQs

1. What is PRINT (Particle Replication in Non-wetting Templates) Technology?

[A] It’s a technology related to genetic engineering and refers to duplication of the DNA codes
[B] It’s a technology related to climate change and refers to a new technique of combating air pollution
[C] It’s a new technology related to synthesis of artificial blood
[D] None of them

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [It’s a new technology related to synthesis of artificial blood] Notes:
PRINT (Particle Replication in Non-wetting Templates) Technology is a new technology related to synthesis of artificial blood. PRINT method has been widely applied onto material sciences, drug delivery, electronic devices, optics, etc.

2. How does calcium carbide ripen mangoes?

[A] It reacts with moisture and releases Ethylene
[B] It reacts with moisture and releases Acetaldehyde, which in turn releases ethylene
[C] It reacts with starch and releases Acetylene
[D] It reacts with moisture and releases Ethyne

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [It reacts with moisture and releases Ethylene] Notes:
For reasons of safe transportation of fruits, mangoes, bananas etc are picked before they ripen fully. Slightly green harvested mangoes are subjected to small containers of calcium carbide (CaC2) with a plastic covering. CaC2 reacts with the moisture in the air to release acetylene (or ethyne) gas as follows:
CaC2 + 2 H2O – C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
This option may give you the slightest confusion if you don’t know the difference between Ethylene and Ethyne (Acetylene). Both are chemical substances produced by fruits to accelerate the normal process of fruit maturation — is a ripening hormone. Ethylene is C2H4 and has a carbon-carbon double bond. Acetylene is C2H2 and has a carbon-carbon triple bind. Acetylene contains more energy and burns hotter than ethylene. Ethylene is a gaseous compound, Acetylene is the chemical compound, which is the simplest alkyne and is also a hydrocarbon while Ethylene is the simplest alkene and classified as an unsaturated hydrocarbon. I hope you will never forget it now.

3. Plants which are adapted to grow in soils containing high concentration of salt are known as:

[A] Xerophytes
[B] Mesophytes
[C] Halophytes
[D] Thallophytes

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Halophytes] Notes:
A halophyte is a salt-tolerant plant that grows in soil or waters of high salinity. They consist of pneumatophores which are negatively geotropic roots that grow upward & are meant for gaseous exchange.

4. T8 cells are related to which of the following?

[A] Virus
[B] Cell Receptors
[C] Antigen-presenting cell
[D] Cytotoxic T cell

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cytotoxic T cell] Notes:
A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cells or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected or cells that are damaged in other ways.

5. What is the role of Pneumatophores?

[A] Protect plant from animals
[B] Supports plant in standing upright
[C] Get oxygen for respiration
[D] Helps plant for pollination

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Get oxygen for respiration] Notes:
Pneumatophores are specialized root structures that grow out from the water surface and facilitate the aeration necessary for root respiration in hydrophytic trees such as many mangrove species.

6. RBCs are formed in which of the following in adults?

[A] black bone marrow
[B] white bone marrow
[C] red bone marrow
[D] blue bone marrow

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [red bone marrow] Notes:
There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (also known as myeloid tissue) and yellow marrow. Red blood cells, platelets, and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some white blood cells develop in yellow marrow.

7. Consider the following statements regarding hemoglobin:
It contains iron
It is a carrier of oxygen in the blood
It imparts red color to the blood
It provides immunity against certain diseases.
Of these statements

[A] 1, 2 and 4 are correct
[B] 1, 2 and 3 are correct
[C] 1, 3 and 4 are correct
[D] 2, 3 and 4 are correct

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [1, 2 and 3 are correct] Notes:
Hemoglobin doesn’t provide immunity against certain diseases but white blood cells do. White blood cells are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. Leukocytes are found throughout the body, including the blood and lymphatic system,

8. Who was the father of DNA Fingerprinting?

[A] James Watson
[B] Hargobind Khurana
[C] Alec Jeffereys
[D] Nirenberg

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Alec Jeffereys] Notes:
In 1984, Alec Jeffreys developed the technique of DNA fingerprinting. These techniques have revolutionized the way that the police solve crimes.

9. Who among the following is considered to be the father of Comparative Anatomy?

[A] Georges Cuvier
[B] Stephen Hales
[C] Hugo de Vries
[D] Edwin John Butler

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Georges Cuvier] Notes:
Georges Cuvier is considered to be the father of Comparative Anatomy.

10. In which of the following hemocoelic body cavity is found?

[A] Cockroach
[B] Lizard
[C] Mosquito
[D] Honeybee

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Cockroach] Notes:
Hemocoelic body cavity is a characteristic of Cockroach.

11. Which of the following is the primary function of the stem in plants?

[A] Support leaves
[B] Deliver water to leaves
[C] Transport useful products
[D] All of the above

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above] Notes:
The primary functions of the stem are to support the leaves, to conduct water and minerals to the leaves, where they can be converted into usable products by photosynthesis, and to transport these products from the leaves to other parts of the plant, including the roots.

12. Aves have evolved from which of the following?

[A] Amphibians
[B] Arthropods
[C] Mammals
[D] Reptiles

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Reptiles] Notes:
Birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs during the Jurassic around 165–150 million years ago. Birds aren’t just closely related to dinosaurs, they really are dinosaurs! This is what most people mean when they say that birds are reptiles, although technically according to the phylogenetic system mammals are also reptiles.

13. RBCs are formed in which of the following in adults?

[A] black bone marrow
[B] white bone marrow
[C] red bone marrow
[D] blue bone marrow

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [red bone marrow] Notes:
There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (also known as myeloid tissue) and yellow marrow. Red blood cells, platelets, and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some white blood cells develop in yellow marrow.

14. Which one of the following vitamins is considered to be a hormone?

[A] A
[B] B
[C] C
[D] D

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [D] Notes:
Vitamin D is a hormone the kidneys produce that controls blood calcium concentration and impacts the immune system. It is also known as calcitriol, ergocalciferol, calcidiol, and cholecalciferol.

15. Who is the father of Modern Botany?

[A] Carl Linnaeus
[B] Theophrastus
[C] Robert Hooke
[D] Krateuas

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Carl Linnaeus] Notes:
Carl Linnaeus is known as the father of modern botany. Linnaeus first formulated the principles, known as binomial nomenclature, to create a uniform system for defining and naming natural species and species of organisms.

16. Who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus?

[A] Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
[B] Luc Montagnier
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] None of these

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2] Notes:
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in 2008.

17. Which phylum does the salamander belong to?

[A] Mollusca
[B] Amphibians
[C] Reptiles
[D] Mammals

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Amphibians] Notes:
Organisms that can live on both land and water are called amphibians. Some examples of amphibians are frogs and toads, newts, salamanders, and caecilians.

18. Who discovered the nucleus of the cell wall?

[A] Theodor Boveri
[B] Robert Brown
[C] Albert von Kolliker
[D] Robert Hooke

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Robert Brown] Notes:
Robert Brown discovered the nucleus in the cell in 1831. The nucleus is a protoplasmic body in eukaryotic cells. It is covered by a double membrane that contains the hereditary details.

19. Which disinfectant is effective against viruses?

[A] Hydrogen peroxide
[B] Hypochlorite
[C] Formaldehyde
[D] All of these

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of these] Notes:
Hydrogen peroxide, Hypochlorite, and Formaldehyde are disinfectants that are effective against viruses.

20. Which is not an exception in angiosperms?

[A] Double fertilization
[B] Secondary growth
[C] Presence of vessels
[D] Autotrophic nutrition

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Double fertilization] Notes:
Angiosperms are plants that produce flowers. They hold their seeds in the fruits. They are the largest and most diverse group within the Plantae kingdom, with approximately 300,000 species. Double fertilization is a characteristic of angiosperms in which both a diploid zygote and a triploid endosperm are formed in this process of green fertilization.

21. Which of the following contains notochord in the embryonic stage?

[A] Non-chordates
[B] Vertebrates
[C] All chordates
[D] Some of the chordates

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [All chordates] Notes:
All chordates contain notochord in the embryonic stage. This midline serves as the source of the signal. It patterns the surrounding tissue and serves as a major skeletal element of the developing embryo.

22. The loss of the tail in reptiles is called?

[A] Bipedalism
[B] Fangs
[C] Autotomy
[D] Panting

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Autotomy] Notes:
The loss of the tail in reptiles is called autotomy. Autotomy or self-mutilation is the behavior by which an animal sheds or discards one or more of its own appendages.

23. Milk glands are found in which of the following class?

[A] All vertebrates
[B] All mammals
[C] All placental mammals
[D] All prototherians

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [All mammals] Notes:
Milk glands are found in all mammals. Mammals feed their young through milk secreted by the milk glands.

24. Which of the following is found in the cells lining blood vessels?

[A] Columnar epithelium
[B] Connective tissue
[C] Squamous epithelium
[D] Smooth muscle tissue

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Squamous epithelium] Notes:
Squamous epithelium is found in the cells lining blood vessels. It is composed of epithelial cells that are distinctively flat and scale-like.

25. What does your thalamus control?

[A] Motor activity
[B] Emotion
[C] Controls your hormone system
[D] Both 1 and 2

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Both 1 and 2] Notes:
Motor activity, emotion, memory, arousal, and other sensorimotor association functions are controlled by the thalamus.

26. Ophthalmoception is related to which of the following?

[A] Ears
[B] Eyes
[C] Nose
[D] Skin

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Eyes] Notes:
Ophthalmoception is related to the Eyes. These are the visual sensory organs in our body, which are sensitive to light images.

27. How many types of joints are present in our body?

[A] 2
[B] 3
[C] 5
[D] 6

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [3] Notes:
The human body has three main types of joints.
1. Synarthrosis
2. Amphiarthrosis
3. Diarthrosis

28. What is the process of regulating body fluids and their composition?

[A] Secretion
[B] Reabsorption
[C] Glomerular Filtration
[D] Osmoregulation

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Osmoregulation] Notes:
Osmoregulation is the process of regulating body fluids and their composition.

29. What pituitary hormones peak during the proliferative phase?

[A] LH only
[B] FSH only
[C] Neither 1 nor 2
[D] Both 1 and 2

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Both 1 and 2] Notes:
LH and FSH, both pituitary hormones, peak during the proliferative phase. The proliferative phase means that cells are multiplying and spreading.

30. What is the full form of PID?

[A] Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
[B] Pneumonia Infectious Disease
[C] Pseudo Inflammatory Disorder
[D] Peritoneum Infectious Disorder

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Pelvic Inflammatory Disease] Notes:
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease usually happens when sexually transmitted bacteria spread from the vagina to the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries.

31. Neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes are examples of __.

[A] Physical barrier
[B] Cellular barriers
[C] Cytokine barriers
[D] Physiological barriers

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Cellular barriers] Notes:
Neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes are examples of Cellular barriers.

32. Which gland is commanded by the Pituitary gland?

[A] Gonads
[B] Pancreas
[C] Thyroid
[D] Thymus

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gonads] Notes:
The gonad is an endocrine gland and also known as the Reproductive gland. It is controlled by the Pituitary gland.

33. Which of the following is not a symptom of Anthrax?

[A] Rapid Breathing
[B] Low body temperature
[C] Discharge from nostrils
[D] Rapid heartbeat

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Low body temperature] Notes:
Symptoms of Anthrax are:
1. Rapid Breathing
2. Discharge from nostrils
3. Rapid heartbeat

34. The earliest recorded pandemic – the Black Death was speculated to be __

[A] Plague
[B] Rabies
[C] Leprosy
[D] None of the above

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Plague] Notes:
The earliest recorded pandemic – the Black Death – was thought to be a plague.

35. Which of the following diseases is caused by protozoa?

[A] Whooping cough
[B] Amoebic dysentery
[C] Measles
[D] Athlete’s foot

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Amoebic dysentery] Notes:
Amoebic dysentery diseases are caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica.

36. Homozygosity and heterozygosity of an individual can be determined by __

[A] Back cross
[B] Self-fertilization
[C] Test cross
[D] All of the above

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Test cross] Notes:
An experimental cross of an individual organism of dominant phenotype but unknown genotype and an organism with a homozygous recessive genotype is known as a test cross.

37. Biofertilizers include which of the following?

[A] Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
[B] Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria
[C] Both bacteria and cyanobacteria
[D] Bacteria, cyanobacteria, and mycorrhizal fungi

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria] Notes:
Biofertilizers include Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria are oxygenated photosynthetic bacteria. It is found widely in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments, and is capable of fixing much atmospheric nitrogen.

38. Blood fails to clot while flowing in the blood vessel because of the presence of ____:

[A] Heparin
[B] Prothrombin
[C] Haemoglobin
[D] Hirudin

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Heparin] Notes:
Heparin also known as un-fractionated heparin, a highly sulphated glycosaminoglycan, is widely used as an injectable anticoagulant, and has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule.

39. Which of the following vitamins help in the absorption of calcium?

[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin D

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Vitamin D] Notes:
Vitamin D is essential in helping the body absorb and use calcium; in fact, the body cannot absorb calcium at all without some vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our intestines absorb calcium from the food we eat and helps build stronger bones.

40. The narrowest and most numerous tubes of lungs are termed as ____:

[A] Bronchus
[B] Hilum
[C] Bronchioles
[D] Alveoli

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Bronchioles] Notes:
The respiratory bronchioles are the narrowest airways of the lungs, one fiftieth of an inch across. The bronchi divide many times before evolving into the bronchioles. The bronchioles deliver air to the exchange surfaces of the lungs.

41. Which enzyme digests proteins in the stomach?

[A] Salivary amylase
[B] Trypsin
[C] Pepsin
[D] Pancreatic canal

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Pepsin] Notes:
Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the action of pepsin. Pepsin is the active protein-digesting enzyme of the stomach. When pepsin acts on the protein molecule, it breaks the bonds that hold the protein molecule together, called peptide bonds. Once broken, peptide bonds yield chains of amino acids linked together called polypeptides that are further digested in the small intestine with the help of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.

42. Water flows off the wings of birds and insects due to the presence of ____:

[A] Proteins
[B] Waxes
[C] Minerals
[D] Sugars

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Waxes] Notes:
Insects and birds have the simplest surface waxes that serve to water-proof feathers. The interlocking feather barbs and a special waxy coating create a shield that water runs off of. Besides, while a few components present in surface lipids can prevent growth of pathogens, the total surface with waxed layer certainly functions to prevent microbial entry into the organism.

43. Smooth muscles are likely to be found in ____:

[A] Muscles of arms
[B] Heart
[C] Stomach
[D] Muscles of legs

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Muscles of arms] Notes:
The term smooth muscle refers to a muscle of the human body that is part of an involuntary muscle group. The walls of hollow organs are the primary place that smooth muscles can be found. Some of those locations include: Walls of blood vessels, walls of stomach, intestines, large (aorta) and small arteries and veins, urinary bladder, uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, respiratory tract, etc.

44. Which of these bones is not a part of the human ear?

[A] Incus
[B] Stapes
[C] Femur
[D] Malleus

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Femur] Notes:
There are three tiny bones in the middle ear of human. These are the malleus or hammer, the incus or anvil, and the stapes or stirrup. The femur is the only bone located within the human thigh. It is both the longest and the strongest bone in the human body.

45. The plant from which cocoa and chocolate are obtained is a ___:

[A] Herb
[B] Shrub
[C] Small tree
[D] Very big tree

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Small tree] Notes:
Chocolate production starts with harvesting cocoa in a forest. Cocoa comes from tropical evergreen Cocoa trees, such as Theobroma Cocoa, which are small trees. These trees live in the understory of tropical forests and require other, taller trees to shelter them from wind and sun.

46. Excess of fluoride in drinking water causes ____:

[A] Intestinal infection
[B] Mottling of teeth
[C] Lung disease
[D] None of the above

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mottling of teeth] Notes:
Enamel fluorosis is a mottling of the tooth surface that is attributed to fluoride exposure during tooth formation. The process of enamel maturation consists of an increase in mineralization within the developing tooth and concurrent loss of early-secreted matrix proteins.

47. During the day which process is the major driving force in the movement of water in the xylem?

[A] Suction
[B] Evaporation
[C] Transpiration pull
[D] Translocation

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Transpiration pull] Notes:
During the day when stomata are open, the transpiration pull becomes a major driving force in the movement of water in the xylem. Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems, and flowers. Water is necessary for plants but only a small amount of water taken up by the roots is used for growth and metabolism. The remaining 97–99.5% is lost by transpiration and guttation.

48. Which of the following is a fibrous protein?

[A] Keratin
[B] Albumin
[C] Enzymes
[D] Haemoglobin

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Keratin] Notes:
Keratin is a family of fibrous structural proteins. It is the key structural material making up the outer layer of human skin. It is also the key structural component of hair and nails. Another example of a fibrous protein is collagen.

49. What is the main function of white blood cells (WBCs)?

[A] To fight against infection
[B] To transport oxygen
[C] Blood clotting
[D] To provide red color to blood

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [To fight against infection] Notes:
White blood cells (WBCs) are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. They are also called leukocytes. WBCs are found throughout the body, including the blood and lymphatic system.

50. Endoplasmic Reticulum is rough because of ____ present on their surface:

[A] Plastids
[B] Lysosomes
[C] Golgi bodies
[D] Ribosomes

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Ribosomes] Notes:
There are two regions of endoplasmic reticulum that differ in both structure and function. One region is called rough ER because it has ribosomes attached to the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. The other region is called smooth ER because it lacks attached ribosomes.

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