Indian Culture MCQs

Indian Culture MCQs

1. Which among the following ancient authors has complained of the drain of gold to India (due to trade hegemony of ancient India)?

[A] Ptolemy
[B] Nero
[C] Strabo
[D] Pliny

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Pliny] Notes: The lamentation of the Roman writer Pliny in the 1st century A.D refers to heavy drain of Gold from Roman into India in payment of her imports from India. He writes that the drain of Gold is in return for unproductive luxuries. The Roman gold and silver were steadily drained into South India in exchange not only for spices, but also muslin, silk and other costly luxuries.

2. “Shesher Kabita” is the renowned work of which among the following legends?

[A] Rabindranath Tagore
[B] Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay
[C] Narendranath Mitra
[D] Dinabandhu Mitra

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Rabindranath Tagore] Notes: Shesher Kabita is a novel by Rabindranath Tagore, widely considered a landmark in Bengali literature. The novel was serialised in 1928 from Bhadro to Choitro in the magazine Probashi, and was published in book form the following year.

3. Earth, Water, Fire, Air, and Ether (sky) these are the panchtatvas (5 elements) and when they combine they give rise to new objects. This is a principle of which of the Vedic philosophies?

[A] Sankhya
[B] Yoga
[C] Vaisheshika
[D] Advita

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Vaisheshika] Notes: Vaisheshika is one of the six schools of Indian philosophy from ancient India. It is the theory of logic. In its early stages, the Vaiśeṣika was an independent philosophy with its own metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, and soteriology.

4. What is the title of the first chapter of the Muslim holy book, the Qur’an?

[A] Al-Adiyat
[B] Al-Fatiha
[C] Al-Hijr
[D] Al-Fath

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Al-Fatiha] Notes: Al-Fatiha is the title of the first chapter of the Muslim holy book, the Qur’an. Al-Fātiḥah is The Opening or The Opener. George Sale translates simply as the Preface, or Introduction) is the first chapter of the Quran.

5. Which state of India is associated with the Folk Dance Teratali?

[A] Haryana
[B] Rajasthan
[C] Punjab
[D] Gujarat

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Rajasthan] Notes: Tera Tali is a famous folk dance of Rajasthan. It is Performed by the ‘Kamar’ tribe. The women folk sit on the ground while performing the Tera Tali.

6. Which period is regarded as the Golden age of Telugu literature?

[A] Satavahana rule
[B] Eastern Chalukyan rule
[C] Vijayanagara rule
[D] Kakatiya rule

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Vijayanagara rule] Notes: The period of Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1565) is regarded as the Golden age of Telugu literature.

7. Which of the following instruments is also known as the “King of Percussion”?

[A] Mridangam
[B] Pakhawaj
[C] Ghatam
[D] Dholak

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Mridangam] Notes: Mridangam is also known as the “King of Percussion”

8. Which of the following temples is named after the craftsman who built it?

[A] Lepakshi Temple, Andhra Pradesh
[B] Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangapatna, Karnataka
[C] Ramappa Temple, Telangana
[D] Mukteshwar Temple, Odisha

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Ramappa Temple, Telangana] Notes: Ramappa Temple is also known as the Ramalingeswara temple. The temple is named after the sculptor Ramappa, who built it and is perhaps the only temple in India to be named after a craftsman who built it rather than the king who commissioned it or its presiding deity. The temple is located in a valley at Palampet village,near Warangal, Telangana. An inscription in the temple dates it to the year 1213 AD, during the period of the Kakatiya Dynasty rule.

9. Which of the following annual fairs of Rajasthan is famous for its camel trading event?

[A] Pushkar Mela
[B] Kumbha Mela
[C] Sonepur Mela
[D] Suraj Kund Mela

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Pushkar Mela] Notes: The Pushkar Fair, also called the Pushkar Camel Fair or locally as Kartik Mela or Pushkar ka Mela is an annual multi-day livestock fair and cultural fete held in the town of Pushkar. It is famous for its camel trading event.

10. The Muslims march seven times round the Kaaba as a path of their Haj pilgrimage. At which of the following places they march?

[A] Riyadh
[B] Mecca
[C] Rabat
[D] Jeddah

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mecca] Notes: The Hajj is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is the holiest city of Muslims. It is a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey, and can support their family during their absence.

11. Rouff is a folk dance. It has its origin in which of the following states?

[A] Himachal Pradesh
[B] Assam
[C] Mizoram
[D] Kashmir

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Kashmir] Notes: The Rouf is a folk dance form mainly practiced by the women of the Kashmir valley. Rouf is a customary dance performed during Id and Ramzan festivals. This dance is performed by women in two groups.

12. Who established four ‘Maths’ in four corners of India?

[A] Shankaracharya
[B] Bhaskara
[C] Ramanujacharya
[D] None of these

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Shankaracharya] Notes: Adi Shankara set up four monasteries known as Mathas, in the North, South, East, and West of India, to be held by realized men who would be known as Shankaracharyas.
The four Mathas are:
– Govardhana Matha, Odisha – Rig Veda.
– Sharada Peetham, Karnataka – Yajur Veda.
– Dwaraka Pitha, Gujarat – Sama Veda.
– Jyotir Math, Uttarakhand – Atharva Veda.

13. Which of the following presents the most significant features of Indus Valley Civilization?

[A] Buildings with perfect arches
[B] Use of burnt mud bricks
[C] Use of sun-dried mud bricks
[D] None of these

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Use of burnt mud bricks] Notes: The main towns of the Indus Valley civilization were Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Kalibangan, Lothal. The significant features include personal cleanliness, town planning, construction of burnt-brick houses, ceramics, casting, forging of metals, manufacturing of cotton, and woolen textiles.

14. Who among the following wrote the National Anthem?

[A] Rabindranath Tagore
[B] Bankim Chandra Chatterji
[C] Mohammed Iqbal
[D] None of the above

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Rabindranath Tagore] Notes: “Jana Gana Mana” is the national anthem of India, originally written in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore. It was first sung in the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress on December 27, 1911.

15. The primitive tribes of Andaman are descendants of which of the following cultures?

[A] Negroids
[B] Australoids
[C] Mongoloids
[D] Caucasoids

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Negroids] Notes: The primitive tribes of Andaman are descendants of Negroids. The indigenous people of the Andaman and Nicobar islands migrated from Africa thousands of years ago.

16. Who among the following Sufi saints maintained that devotional music was one way of coming close to God?

[A] Muin-ud-din Chishti
[B] Baba Farid
[C] Saiyid Muhammad Gesudaraz
[D] Shah Alam Bukhari

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Muin-ud-din Chishti] Notes: The Sufi saint who maintained that devotional music was one way of coming close to God was Muin-ud-din Chishti. He emphasized personal experience of God through renunciation and a simple life.

17. Which of the following was the 23rd trithankar?

[A] Abinandan Nath
[B] Suvidhinatha
[C] Arishtnemi
[D] Parshavanath

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Parshavanath] Notes: The 23rd trithankar in Jainism was Parshavanath. Jain tradition associates a total of twenty-four trithankars who propagated Jain philosophy at various times.

18. Which of the following schools of Hindu philosophy asserts that Moksha is gained through right knowledge?

[A] Yoga
[B] Samkhya
[C] Mimansa
[D] Nyaya

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Nyaya] Notes: Nyaya school asserts that Moksha (liberation) is gained through right knowledge. It focuses on epistemology and accepts four out of six Pramanas as reliable means of gaining knowledge.

19. Nyaya school’s epistemology accepts four out of how many Pramanas as reliable means of gaining knowledge?

[A] Seven pramanas
[B] Six pramanas
[C] Eight pramanas
[D] Nine pramanas

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Six pramanas] Notes: Nyaya school Hindu philosophy accepts four out of six Pramanas as reliable means of gaining knowledge – Pratyaksha (perception), Anumana (inference), Upamana (comparison and analogy), and Sabda (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts).

20. Who is credited as the compiler of the Puranas?

[A] Adi Shankaracharya
[B] Vyasa
[C] Valmiki
[D] Bhatta Kumarila

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vyasa] Notes: Vyasa, the narrator of the Mahabharata, is credited with the compilation of the Puranas. He is a revered figure in Hindu tradition and literature.

21. A semi-circular structure with a dome shape roof erected over the sacred relics of Buddha is known as which of the followings?

[A] Stupas
[B] Edicts
[C] Pillars
[D] Monoliths

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Stupas] Notes: A stupa is a mound-like or semi-hemispherical structure containing Buddhist relics, typically the ashes of Buddhist monks. It is used by Buddhists as a place of meditation. The Great Stupa at Sanchi is a prominent example.

22. Which tribe of Pakistan performs a traditional dance form called ‘Waziri Dance’?

[A] Sindhi
[B] Baloch
[C] Pashtun
[D] Brahuis

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Pashtun] Notes: Waziri Dance is a traditional dance form performed by the Pashtun tribe in Waziristan, Pakistan. It involves the use of flute and drum as musical instruments.

23. Bihu is a folk dance of which state?

[A] Assam
[B] Odisha
[C] Uttarakhand
[D] Maharashtra

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Assam] Notes: Bihu is the chief festival of Assam, and it is celebrated with folk dance and music. The festival has three forms: Rangali Bihu, Kangali Bihu, and Bhogali Bihu.

24. Where is Phad Chitra famous?

[A] Rajasthan
[B] Odisha
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D] Gujarat

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Rajasthan] Notes: Phad Chitra is a style of painting famous in Rajasthan. These paintings often depict local deities and are carried from one place to another.

25. Kalamejuthu painting is famous in which region?

[A] Karnataka
[B] Kerela
[C] Andhra Pradesh
[D] Goa

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Kerala] Notes: Kalamejuthu painting is famous in the Kerala region. It is a ceremonial art practiced in Kerala temples, depicting images of the goddess Kali and Lord Yaa on the floor.

26. The figures of animals are seen on the top of whose pillar?

[A] Ashoka’s Pillar
[B] Irani Pillar
[C] Gupta’s Pillar
[D] None of these

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Ashoka’s Pillar] Notes: Ashoka’s Pillars have animal figures on the top, representing a special symbolic meaning in the Indian tradition.

27. By cutting the Barabar and Nagarjuna hills, Ashoka and his son Dasharatha built caves for the abode of the sadhus of which sect?

[A] Jainism
[B] Aajivaka
[C] Buddhism
[D] Hinduism

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ajivaka] Notes: Ashoka and his son Dasharatha built caves in the Barabar and Nagarjuna hills for the Ajivaka sect, which is an ancient philosophical and ascetic movement.

28. The idea of the double dome was established by ___

[A] Tughlaq Dynasty
[B] Lodi Dynasty
[C] Khilji Dynasty
[D] Sayyaid Dynasty

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Lodi Dynasty] Notes: The idea of the double dome in architecture was established during the Lodi Dynasty. It involved reinforcing structures with double domes, which affected the internal height of the buildings.

29. Mughal architecture is a mixture of which two architectures?

[A] Indian and Mongolian
[B] Persian and Mongolian
[C] Indian and Persian
[D] Afghan and Persian

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Indian and Persian] Notes: Mughal architecture is a unique blend of Indian, Persian, and Islamic architecture. It reached its zenith during the reign of Emperor Shah Jahan, featuring iconic structures like the Taj Mahal.

30. The Pinjore Garden of Panchkula is an example of which architecture?

[A] Sikh architecture
[B] Mughal architecture
[C] Rajput architecture
[D] Lodi architecture

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mughal architecture] Notes: The Pinjore Garden in Panchkula is an example of Mughal architecture, renovated by the Sikh rulers of the Patiala dynasty. It was originally built by Fadai Khan.

31. Which temple is an example of the Dravidian style?

[A] Ranganatha Temple (Srirangam, Tamil Nadu)
[B] Meenakshi Temple (Madurai)
[C] Rameshwaram Temple
[D] All of the above

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above] Notes: The Nayaka style developed further under the Dravidian style, examples of which are Meenakshi Temple (Madurai), Ranganatha Temple (Srirangam, Tamil Nadu), Rameshwaram Temple, etc.

32. By which Mughal ruler was the Buland Darwaza built?

[A] Humanyun
[B] Babur
[C] Akbar
[D] Aurangzeb

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Akbar] Notes: Buland Darwaza was built in 1602 AD by the Mughal Emperor Akbar to commemorate his victory over Gujarat. It is the main entrance to the Jama Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri, 43 km from Agra, India. The Buland Darwaza is the tallest gateway in the world and is an example of Mughal architecture.

33. Which monument was built by Sultan Ahmad Shah I?

[A] Nila Gumbad
[B] Rumi Darwaza
[C] Bidar Fort
[D] Gol Gumbaz

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Bidar Fort] Notes: Bidar Fort is a fort in Bidar, Karnataka, India. Sultan Ahmed Shah I of the Bahmani dynasty shifted his capital from Gulbarga to Bidar in 1427 and built his fort with many Islamic monuments.

34. Which is the classical dance of Kerala?

[A] Kolattam
[B] Mahasu
[C] Mohiniyatam
[D] Kuchipudi

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Mohiniyatam] Notes: Mohiniyattam is a semi-classical dance performed by the women of Kerala. It is considered the center of dance in Kerala and has roots in the Devadasi dance heritage.

35. Dandiya Raas, Garba, Raas Garba are famous songs of which state?

[A] Gujarat
[B] Rajasthan
[C] Uttarakhand
[D] Manipur

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gujarat] Notes: Dandiya Raas, Garba, and Raas Garba are popular music and dance forms in Gujarat, especially featured during Navratri.

36. In which temple Ambubachi Mela is held?

[A] Vaishno Devi Temple
[B] Kamakhya Temple
[C] Lingaraja Temple
[D] Konark temple

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Kamakhya Temple] Notes: Ambubachi Mela is held at the Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati, Assam. The festival is associated with the annual menstruation of Goddess Kamakhya and is one of the biggest festivals in North East India.

37. Indian People’s Theatre Association is formed by which party?

[A] Congress party
[B] Communist party
[C] Socialist party
[D] Nationalist party

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Communist party] Notes: Indian People’s Theater Association (IPTA) was formed by the Communist party. It played a significant role in promoting people’s theater in India.

38. What is meant by Kathia?

[A] Metallica instrument
[B] String instrument
[C] Wooden instrument
[D] Mouth organ instrument

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Wooden instrument] Notes: Kathia is a solid wooden instrument used in the performance of Odisha’s Daskathia, a traditional theater form. It is associated with storytelling using wooden dolls.

39. Which of the following is the folk theatre of Madhya Pradesh?

[A] Yakshagana
[B] Maach
[C] Ojapali
[D] Ramman

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Maach] Notes: Maach is the folk theater form of Madhya Pradesh. It originated in the state and involves mythological themes with dialogues in couplets called Rangat couplets.

40. In which of the following state Putul Nachh is not famous?

[A] Kerala
[B] Bengal
[C] Odisha
[D] Assam

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Assam] Notes: Putul Nachh is a traditional rod puppet dance popular in Bengal, Odisha, and parts of Assam. It involves puppets resembling fairytale characters and is performed behind a high screen with musical accompaniments.

41. Chepa Pulusu is the famous food of which state?

[A] Karnataka
[B] Tamil Nadu
[C] Andhra Pradesh
[D] Kerala

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Andhra Pradesh] Notes: Chepa Pulusu is a famous non-vegetarian dish in Andhra Pradesh. It is known for its unique taste and is popular in the cuisine of Hyderabad, the capital of Andhra Pradesh.

42. Dharwad Peda is an Indian sweet unique to the state of __

[A] Tamil Nadu
[B] Andhra Pradesh
[C] Karnataka
[D] Kerala

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Karnataka] Notes: Dharwad Peda is an Indian sweet unique to the state of Karnataka. It originated in Dharwad city and has a history of about 175 years.

43. Dastar is also known by __

[A] Lungi
[B] Gamcha
[C] Pagri
[D] Dhoti

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Pagri] Notes: Dastar, also known as a turban (Pagri), is worn by the Sikh community in India. It represents symbols of faith, including valor and spirituality, and is worn to protect the uncut hair.

44. Who wrote the famous play Heer Ranjha?

[A] Baba Farid
[B] Bulley Shah
[C] Waris Shah
[D] Vir Singh

Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Waris Shah] Notes: Heer Ranjha was written by Waris Shah. The story has deep meaning, symbolizing man’s relentless quest for God.

45. Who is known as the father of modern Hindu literature?

[A] Bhartendu Harishchandra
[B] Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
[C] Harivansha Rai Bachhan
[D] Rabindranath Tagore

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Bhartendu Harishchandra] Notes: Bhartendu Harishchandra is considered the ‘Father of Modern Hindi Literature and Hindi Theatre.’ His writings reflected the social reality of India.

46. Lakshminath Bezbarua was an __ poet,

[A] Bengali
[B] Assamese
[C] Oriya
[D] Bihari

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Assamese] Notes: Lakshminath Bezbaruah was an Assamese poet, novelist, and playwright, contributing to modern Assamese literature.

47. In which language did Kalhana write Rajatarangini?

[A] Sanskrit
[B] Prakrit
[C] Pali
[D] Magadhi

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Sanskrit] Notes: Kalhana wrote Rajatarangini in Sanskrit, contributing to the literary prominence of Kashmir.

48. What is the dimension (width : length) of the national flag of India?

[A] 2:3
[B] 3:4
[C] 1:3
[D] 1:2

Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [2:3] Notes: The national flag of India has dimensions of 2:3. It was adopted by the constituent assembly on 22 July 1947.

49. Who composed the National song of India?

[A] Rabindranath Tagore
[B] Satyajit Ray
[C] Shri Auribindo Ghosh
[D] Bankim Chandra Chatterji

Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Bankim Chandra Chatterji] Notes: The National Song of India, Vande Matram, was composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterji. It was adopted on 24 Jan 1950.

50. Which of the following instruments is used while performing Dhrupad?

[A] Tabla
[B] Pakhawaj
[C] Harmonium
[D] Sitar

Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Pakhawaj] Notes: Dhrupad, an old style of singing, is traditionally performed with a tambura and a pakhawaj as instrumental accompaniments. The pakhawaj is a prominent percussion instrument in Dhrupad.